On Tue, 02 Oct 2012 14:00:47 -0700, Homer Stille Cummings
Post by Homer Stille Cummingsgummer and several others, but especially gummer, have been trying this
Nazis-were-socialist gambit for a long time. It's crap from start to
finish. Hitler and the Nazis in Germany, and Mussolini and the Fascists
in Italy, were virulently and violently anti-socialist.
Homo and the rest of the Leftwing bunch have been trying this Denial
thing for a very long time. Pathetically
http://rexcurry.net/mussolini.html
Mussolini was a socialist. Benito Mussolini was the leader of the
Socialist Party of Italy. Like many modern media Mussolinis, he was a
socialist and a journalist.
http://rexcurry.net/mussolini.html
Mussolini borrowed from American Socialists Edward Bellamy and Francis
Bellamy (author of the Pledge of Allegiance in 1892) as shown in this
photograph of the Pledge of Allegiance.
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Mussolini borrowed much of his symbolism from American Socialists.
http://rexcurry.net/fascism=socialism.html#AMERICAN_SOCIALISTS_SPREAD_FASCISM
Also see
http://rexcurry.net/45th-infantry-division-swastika-sooner-soldiers.html
In 1908 worked in the city of Trento, which was ethnically Italian but
then under the control of Austria-Hungary. He did office work for the
local socialist party and edited its newspaper L'Avvenire del
Lavoratore ("The Future of the Worker"). He made contact with the
socialist journalist Cesare Battisti, and agreed to write for and edit
Battisti's newspaper Il Popolo ("The People") in addition to the work
Mussolini did for the Socialist Party.
Between 1912 and 1914, Mussolini was the editor of the Socialist Party
newspaper, "L'Avanti" (Avanti means "in front", "advance" or "forward"
or even "come in"). In 1914 he started his own socialist newspaper "Il
Popolo d'Italia" ("The people of Italy").
He was considered by socialists to be a great writer about socialism.
He was a staunch proponent of revolutionary rather than reformist
socialism, and actually received Lenin's endorsement and support for
expelling reformists from the Socialist Party. He was in fact first
dubbed "Il Duce" (the Leader) when he was a member of Italy's
(Marxist) Socialist Party.
When Mussolini differed with some Socialists it was over participation
in World War I, not over abstract theory, or economic doctrine. Many
socialists were neutralists in the First World War, whereas Mussolini
correctly foresaw that the Austro/German forces would not win the war
and therefore wanted Italy to join the Allied side and thus get a
slice of Austrian territory at the end of the war.
During World War I, Mussolini publicized what he admitted was his new
brand of socialism. http://rexcurry.net/fascism=socialism.html
The f-word and the n-word are used to cover-up the history of the
deadly dogma of socialism. The USA's Pledge of Allegiance to the flag
was written by a self-proclaimed "National Socialist" and "Christian
Socialist" in the USA and the early pledge used a straight-arm salute
for the U.S. flag, and it was the origin of the salute used by the
National Socialist German Workers' Party for its swastika flag, as
discovered by the etymologist Dr. Rex Curry (author of "Pledge of
Allegiance Secrets"). http://rexcurry.net/book1a1contents-pledge.html
The swastika itself, although an ancient symbol, was sometimes used to
represent overlapping S-letters for "socialism" under the National
Socialist German Workers' Party.
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As German socialism's notorious flag symbol, the swastika was
deliberately turned 45 degrees to the horizontal and always oriented
in the S-direction. Similar alphabetic symbolism is still visible as
Volkswagen logos.
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American socialists bear some blame for altering the notorious symbol
used as overlapping S-letters for "socialism" under the National
Socialist German Workers Party. The swastika symbol was used by the
Theosophical Society (from 1875) during the time when the Bellamys,
Freemasons and the Theosophical Society worked together to promote
socialism. http://rexcurry.net/book1a1contents-swastika.html
On October 28, 1922, Mussolini led his "March on Rome", which brought
him to power for 23 years.
In late 1937, Mussolini continued to work with other socialists,
including a notorious member of the Wholecost (of which the Holocaust
was a part): the National Socialist German Workers Party (20 million
killed); the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (60 million killed);
the Peoples' Republic of China (50 million killed). Mussolini visited
Germany in 1937 and pledged himself to support the National Socialist
German Workers Party. In 1939, the National Socialist German
Workers' Party joined as allies with the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics to invade Poland in a pact to divide up Europe, spreading
WWII.
In 1938, Mussolini introduced his reform of customs. Hand-shaking
was suddenly banned as unhygienic: a salute was to be used instead -
the right forearm raised vertically. He imposed a new march on the
Italian Army which was simply the goose-step of the National Socialist
German Workers Party. According to the book A Concise History of
Italy by Christopher Duggan, these reforms were introduced mainly to
underline ideological kinship with the National Socialist German
Workers Party and to impress its leader.
The so-called Roman salute (saluto romano) is as much of a fiction
as is the so-called Roman step (passo romano) as is the idea that
the National Socialist German Workers Party emulated Mussolini and
not vice versa.
All of the above contributed to the Roman salute myth (the myth that
the stiff-arm salute was an ancient Roman salute), debunked by the Dr.
Curry.
http://rexcurry.net/roman-salute-metropolitan-museum-of-art.html
The most notorious instance of Italy imitating the National Socialist
German Workers Party was in the racist laws imposed in November 1938.
Before and during it all (from 1892), children in the U.S. attended
government-schools where racism and segregation were mandated by law,
and where they performed a straight-armed salute to the U.S. flag, and
were forced to robotically chant a pledge written by a national
socialist who wanted to produce an industrial army for totalitarian
socialism as popularized worldwide in a best-selling novel.
BENITO MUSSOLINI QUOTES: EXCERPT FROM SPEECH
Rome, Italy, February 23, 1941
Follow me now please:
First, in war potentiality Germany not only did not decrease after
seventeen months of war, but increased in gigantic proportions. From
the standpoint of human losses, they have been at a minimum if
compared with the masses in action. Losses of materials were more than
compensated for by immense booty and were absolutely insignificant.
The unity of political and military command in the hands of the
Fuehrer-he who once was simple soldier and volunteer Adolf
Hitler-gives to the operations an enthusiastic, irresistible,
revolutionary and therefore National Socialist rhythm that begins with
the highest generals and goes to the humblest soldiers. Britain will
realize that once again.
The Mystery of Fascism by David Ramsay Steele
Soon after he arrived in Switzerland in 1902, 18 years old and looking
for work, Benito Mussolini was starving and penniless. All he had in
his pockets was a cheap nickel medallion of Karl Marx.
Following a spell of vagrancy, Mussolini found a job as a bricklayer
and union organizer in the city of Lausanne. Quickly achieving fame as
an agitator among the Italian migratory laborers, he was referred to
by a local Italian-language newspaper as "the great duce [leader] of
the Italian socialists." He read voraciously, learned several foreign
languages, (2) and sat in on Pareto's lectures at the university.
The great duce's fame was so far purely parochial. Upon his return to
Italy, young Benito was an undistinguished member of the Socialist
Party. He began to edit his own little paper, La Lotta di Classe (The
Class Struggle), ferociously anti-capitalist, anti-militarist, and
anti-Catholic. He took seriously Marx's dictum that the working class
has no country, and vigorously opposed the Italian military
intervention in Libya. Jailed several times for involvement in strikes
and anti-war protests, he became something of a leftist hero. Before
turning 30, Mussolini was elected to the National Executive Committee
of the Socialist Party, and made editor of its daily paper, Avanti!
The paper's circulation and Mussolini's personal popularity grew by
leaps and bounds.
Mussolini's election to the Executive was part of the capture of
control of the Socialist Party by the hard-line Marxist left, with the
expulsion from the Party of those deputies (members of parliament)
considered too conciliatory to the bourgeoisie. The shift in Socialist
Party control was greeted with delight by Lenin and other
revolutionaries throughout the world.
From 1912 to 1914, Mussolini was the Che Guevara of his day, a living
saint of leftism. Handsome, courageous, charismatic, an erudite
Marxist, a riveting speaker and writer, a dedicated class warrior to
the core, he was the peerless duce of the Italian Left. He looked like
the head of any future Italian socialist government, elected or
revolutionary.
In 1913, while still editor of Avanti!, he began to publish and edit
his own journal, Utopia, a forum for controversial discussion among
leftwing socialists. Like many such socialist journals founded in
hope, it aimed to create a highly-educated cadre of revolutionaries,
purged of dogmatic illusions, ready to seize the moment. Two of those
who collaborated with Mussolini on Utopia would go on to help found
the Italian Communist Party and one to help found the German Communist
Party. (3) Others, with Mussolini, would found the Fascist movement.
The First World War began in August 1914 without Italian involvement.
Should Italy join Britain and France against Germany and Austria, or
stay out of the war? (4) All the top leaders and intellectuals of the
Socialist Party, Mussolini among them, were opposed to Italian
participation.
In October and November 1914, Mussolini switched to a pro-war
position. He resigned as editor of Avanti!, joined with pro-war
leftists outside the Socialist Party, and launched a new pro-war
socialist paper, Il Popolo d'Italia (People of Italy). (5) To the
Socialist Party leadership, this was a great betrayal, a sell-out to
the whoremasters of the bourgeoisie, and Mussolini was expelled from
the Party. It was as scandalous as though, 50 years later, Guevara had
announced that he was off to Vietnam, to help defend the South against
North Vietnamese aggression.
Italy entered the war in May 1915, and Mussolini enlisted. In 1917 he
was seriously wounded and hospitalized, emerging from the war the most
popular of the pro-war socialists, a leader without a movement.
Post-war Italy was hag-ridden by civil strife and political violence.
Sensing a revolutionary situation in the wake of Russia's Bolshevik
coup, the left organized strikes, factory occupations, riots, and
political killings. Socialists often beat up and sometimes killed
soldiers returning home, just because they had fought in the war.
Assaulting political opponents and wrecking their property became an
everyday occurrence.
Mussolini and a group of adherents launched the Fascist movement (6)
in 1919. The initiators were mostly men of the left: revolutionary
syndicalists and former Marxists. (7) They took with them some
non-socialist nationalists and futurists, and recruited heavily among
soldiers returning from the war, so that the bulk of rank-and-file
Fascists had no leftwing background. The Fascists adopted the black
shirts (8) of the anarchists and Giovinezza (Youth), the song of the
front-line soldiers.
Apart from its ardent nationalism and pro-war foreign policy, the
Fascist program was a mixture of radical left, moderate left,
democratic, and liberal measures, and for more than a year the new
movement was not notably more violent than other socialist groupings.
(9) However, Fascists came into conflict with Socialist Party members
and in 1920 formed a militia, the squadre (squads). Including many
patriotic veterans, the squads were more efficient at arson and terror
tactics than the violently disposed but bumbling Marxists, and often
had the tacit support of the police and army. By 1921 Fascists had the
upper hand in physical combat with their rivals of the left.
The democratic and liberal elements in Fascist preaching rapidly
diminished and in 1922 Mussolini declared that "The world is turning
to the right." The Socialists, who controlled the unions, called a
general strike. Marching into some of the major cities, blackshirt
squads quickly and forcibly suppressed the strike, and most Italians
heaved a sigh of relief. This gave the blackshirts the idea of
marching on Rome to seize power. As they publicly gathered for the
great march, the government decided to avert possible civil war by
bringing Mussolini into office; the King "begged" Mussolini to become
Prime Minister, with emergency powers. Instead of a desperate
uprising, the March on Rome was the triumphant celebration of a legal
transfer of authority.
The youngest prime minister in Italian history, Mussolini was an
adroit and indefatigable fixer, a formidable wheeler and dealer in a
constitutional monarchy which did not become an outright and permanent
dictatorship until December 1925, and even then retained elements of
unstable pluralism requiring fancy footwork. He became world-renowned
as a political miracle worker. Mussolini made the trains run on time,
closed down the Mafia, drained the Pontine marshes, and solved the
tricky Roman Question, finally settling the political status of the
Pope.
Cole Porter -- sang Mussolini's praises
Mussolini was showered with accolades from sundry quarters. Winston
Churchill called him "the greatest living legislator." Cole Porter
gave him a terrific plug in a hit song. Sigmund Freud sent him an
autographed copy of one of his books, inscribed to "the Hero of
Culture." The more taciturn Stalin supplied Mussolini with the plans
of the May Day parades in Red Square, to help him polish up his
pageants.
The rest of il Duce's career is now more familiar. He conquered
Ethiopia, made a Pact of Steel with Germany, introduced anti-Jewish
measures in 1938, (11) came into the war as Hitler's very junior
partner, tried to strike out on his own by invading the Balkans, had
to be bailed out by Hitler, was driven back by the Allies, and then
deposed by the Great Council, rescued from imprisonment by SS troops
in one of the most brilliant commando operations of the war, installed
as head of a new "Italian Social Republic," and killed by Communist
partisans in April 1945.
Given what most people today think they know about Mussolini, this
bare recital of facts above is a mystery story.
Liberals - Cosmopolitan critics, men who are the friends
of every country save their own. Benjamin Disraeli
